Start With the Federal Rules
Federal tax applies in every state. Short-term gains (coins held a year or less) are taxed at 10%–37%. Long-term gains are taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20%. Brokers now report sales on Form 1099-DA.
Crypto Tax Calculator (2026)
Free crypto tax calculator: estimate the federal capital gains tax on a crypto sale and how your state adds to it, using 2026 tax brackets.
Example
Bought crypto for $5,000 and sold it for $8,000 after holding it more than a year. Single filer, $60,000 income: $3,000 long-term gain, estimated federal tax about $0 because the whole gain falls in the 0% long-term bracket (2026 brackets).
Enter your own numbers and press "Calculate my crypto tax". Nothing you type leaves your browser.
Estimate only. Not tax advice.
How to report a crypto sale on Form 8949 →How this calculator works, with worked examples →
State Crypto Tax Guides
| State | State tax on crypto gains | Long-term discount? |
|---|---|---|
| Texas | None | n/a |
| Florida | None | n/a |
| Washington | 7% on long-term gains above $278,000 (2025 deduction; 2026 amount not yet published); 9.9% on taxable gains over $1M | Only long-term gains are taxed |
| Colorado | Flat 4.4% (2026) | No |
| Illinois | Flat 4.95% | No |
| Georgia | Flat 4.99% (2026); 5.19% (2025) | No |
| New York | 4%–10.9%, plus NYC tax of 3.078%–3.876% | No |
| Arizona | Flat 2.5% | Yes: 25% of net long-term gains subtracted |
| Ohio | Flat 2.75% above $26,050 (2026) | No |
| Pennsylvania | Flat 3.07% | No |
| North Carolina | Flat 3.99% (2026) | No |
| Massachusetts | 8.5% short-term, 5% long-term; 4% surtax on high incomes | Yes: lower rate for long-term gains |
| New Jersey | 1.4%–10.75% | No; losses can't offset other income |
| California | 1%–13.3% | No |
Rates are for the tax year shown and change over time. Each state guide links to the official source.
States With No Income Tax on Crypto Gains
Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, and Wyoming have no broad personal income tax, so crypto gains face federal tax only. New Hampshire no longer taxes interest and dividends and doesn't tax capital gains. Washington has no income tax but taxes large long-term capital gains.
Most Crypto-Friendly States, and the Worst, for Taxes
For your tax bill, a crypto-friendly state is one with a low or zero tax on crypto gains. Here is how the states compare for 2026.
Best states for crypto taxes
- 0% state tax on crypto gains: Texas, Florida, Wyoming, Nevada, South Dakota, Alaska, Tennessee, and New Hampshire.
- Nearly zero for most people: Washington doesn't tax short-term gains, and taxes long-term gains only above its annual deduction ($278,000 for 2025).
- Low flat rates: Arizona (2.5%, with 25% of long-term gains subtracted), Ohio (2.75% above $26,050), and Pennsylvania (3.07%).
Worst states for crypto taxes
- California: 1%–13.3%, the highest top rate in the country, with no discount for long-term gains.
- New York: 4%–10.9%, plus up to 3.876% more if you live in New York City.
- New Jersey: 1.4%–10.75%, and capital losses can't reduce your other income.
- Oregon and Minnesota also tax crypto gains as ordinary income, with top rates of 9.9% and 9.85%.
Beyond taxes, Wyoming has passed some of the most crypto-specific laws in the country, and Texas, New Hampshire, and Arizona passed state Bitcoin reserve laws in 2025. New York is the strictest for crypto businesses because of its BitLicense. See is crypto legal in the USA? for the rules in each state.
How States Tax Crypto
- Most states start from your federal adjusted gross income, so crypto gains flow in automatically and are taxed at the state's regular rates.
- Few states give a long-term discount like the federal one. Holding over a year usually cuts only your federal bill.
- Where you live when you sell generally decides which state taxes the gain. Moving mid-year means part-year returns.
How Crypto Is Taxed in the US: The Short Version
Every US crypto tax question starts with one rule: the IRS treats cryptocurrency as property, not money. Buying crypto with dollars and holding it isn't taxable. Tax applies when you sell, swap, or spend crypto at a gain, and when you receive crypto as income from staking, mining, airdrops, or payment for work.
Your federal rate depends on how long you held the coin. Coins held one year or less are taxed at your ordinary income rate, 10% to 37%. Coins held longer get the long-term rates of 0%, 15%, or 20%. Your state then adds its own layer, from nothing in Texas or Florida to 13.3% at the top in California. That's why the same $10,000 gain can cost very different amounts in different states.
Reporting has also changed. US brokers now send Form 1099-DA to you and the IRS for sales made from 2025, and from 2026 many forms also include your cost basis. The IRS can match what you report against what your exchange reported, so accurate records matter more than ever.
Four Kinds of State Crypto Tax
- No income tax: Texas and Florida (also Alaska, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, and Wyoming). Only federal tax applies.
- Flat rate: Arizona (2.5%), Ohio (0% up to $26,050, then 2.75% for 2026), Pennsylvania (3.07%), North Carolina (3.99% for 2026), Colorado (4.4% for 2026), Illinois (4.95%), and Georgia (4.99% for 2026). Every extra dollar of gain is taxed at the same state rate.
- Graduated rates: California, New York (plus New York City tax), and New Jersey. The rate rises with income, and none of them discounts long-term gains.
- Special rules: Washington taxes only large long-term gains. Massachusetts taxes short-term gains at 8.5% and long-term gains at 5%. Arizona subtracts 25% of net long-term gains. New Jersey and Pennsylvania limit how losses can be used.
How to Use These Guides
- Learn the federal rules first in the beginner's guide: what's taxable, the 2026 brackets, and Form 8949.
- Open your state's guide from the table above for its rate, any loss or holding-period rules, and the state form you file.
- Check your broker forms with the Form 1099-DA guide, especially if cost basis is blank for coins you moved between platforms.
- Add any crypto income such as staking rewards, using the staking tax guide.
- Talk to a tax professional if you moved states, have large gains, or have years of unreported activity. Our guides are educational, not tax advice.
Crypto Taxes by State FAQ
Which states don't tax crypto gains?
States with no broad personal income tax don't tax crypto gains: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, and Wyoming. Washington has no income tax but taxes long-term capital gains above an annual deduction ($278,000 for 2025). Federal tax still applies everywhere.
Which state has the highest crypto tax?
California, at up to 13.3% on taxable income over $1 million, with no lower rate for long-term gains. New York residents can face a similar combined burden once New York City's tax is added.
Do I need to file a state return for crypto?
If your state has an income tax and you have taxable crypto gains or income, they're usually included in your regular state return, which typically starts from your federal figures. Washington has a separate capital gains return for large long-term gains.
Can I avoid state crypto tax by moving?
Gains are generally taxed by the state where you live when you sell. A genuine move before selling can change which state taxes the gain, but states like California and New York audit residency changes closely, so document the move and get professional advice before a large sale.